Mastopexy breast augmentation
Mastopexy is a cosmetic surgery procedure to lift sagging breasts on a woman’s chest, by changing and adjusting the size, circumference, and height of the breasts.
Mastopexy : In breast lift surgery to recreate an aesthetically proportional bust of a woman, a critical corrective consideration is the tissue feasibility of the nipple and areola complex, to ensure the functional sensitivity of the breasts to lactation and breastfeeding.
Breast Lift Correction or Mastopexy Breast augmentation for sagging halves is a surgical procedure that cuts and removes excess tissue, overly stretched hanging ligaments, and excess skin from the skin envelope and moves the nipple and areola complex higher onto the breast hemisphere.
In surgical practice, a mastectomy can be performed as a separate breast-lift procedure, and as a sub-surgery within a combined procedure for breast augmentation.
Moreover, breast surgery techniques are also applied to reduce mammoplasty, which is the correction of large breasts.
Psychologically, the mastopexy procedure to correct ptosis of the breast is indicated not by a medical or physical cause.
but by the woman’s self-image
Any combination of physical, aesthetic, and mental health requirements for oneself.
Pathophysiology and presentation
During a woman’s life.
her breasts change size and size as the skin covering becomes inelastic, and Cooper’s suspensory ligaments – which attach the mammary gland high to the chest – become loose.
Thus causing forward fall and sagging of the breast and the nipple and areola complex.
Moreover, in addition to tissue prolapse, the decrease in the massive milk glands of the breast after childbirth exacerbates the loosening of the suspensory ligaments.
the inelastic and stretched skin envelope.
Mastopexy corrects the aforementioned degenerative physical changes.
by lifting the parenchymal tissue, cutting and re-sizing the skin sheath, and moving the nipple and areola complex higher onto the breast hemisphere.
The degree of breast ptosis for each breast was determined by placing the nipple and areola complex over the breast hemisphere.
Ptosis of the breast is measured using a modified Regnault ptosis score scale.

Regnault. Ptosis Scale
- Mild ptosis – the nipple is located below the fold under the breast, but remains above the lower pole of the breast.
- Mild ptosis – the nipple is located below the IMF. However, some breast tissue with a lower pole droops less than the nipple.
- Advanced ptosis – the nipple is located below the main, at the maximum projection of the breast from the chest.
- Severe ptosis – the nipple is much lower than the fold under the breast, and there is no breast tissue below the pole below the nipple.
Pseudoptosis
The indicator is sagging skin of the lower half of the breast, comprising the nipple located either at or above the submammary fold.
As such, pseudogout is a usual consequence of postpartum milk gland atrophy.
The nipple is located either in or above the IMF, while the lower half of the breast sag is below the IMF.
The pseudomembranous disease usually occurs when a woman stops breastfeeding.
Because the milk glands have atrophied, thus reducing the size of the breast, and thus the sagging of the skin enveloping the breast.
Parenchymal maldistribution – the lower part of the breast lacks fullness, the inframammary fold is very high under the hemisphere of the breast, and the nipple and areola complex is close to him.
These indications of poor distribution of flexor tissues indicate growth malformation
Surgical anatomy of the breast
Surgically, the breast is an apocrine milk-producing gland that covers the chest. It is attached to the nipple, and is attached with laces from the chest.
It is an integral part of the skin, the integrity of a woman’s body.
The dimensions and weight of the breasts vary with the age and habits of the woman.
Thus, small to medium breasts weigh about 500 g or less, and large breasts weigh around 750-1000 g.
Anatomically speaking, the topography of the breast and the location of the nipple and areola.
complex in the cerebral hemisphere of the breast are specific to each woman. And therefore .
The statistically desirable measurements are the sternal distance of 21-23 cm, and a distance of 5-7 cm under the extremities, from the nipple to the inframammary fold, where the breast joins the thorax.
Blood supply and innervation for Mastopexy
blood flow. It is supplied with blood by the internal thoracic artery, thoracic artery, and intercostal perforated arteries 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Drainage of venous blood through the superficial venous system
Benefits of breast lift and tightening
- Get more symmetrical, prominent and beautiful breasts.
- Emphasizes femininity to make you look younger and more beautiful.
- Increases endurance for somewhat challenging motor activities
- Long-term results to feel safer.
- Breast lift surgery provides a sense of comfort and physical harmony.
- Improve the shape and contour of the breasts
Armed Forces and Moms Tightening, Lifting and Lifting (Breast Augmentation).
- Archive in terms of her souls
- Good health and stable weight.
- Subjective motivation and reasonable expectations about the outcome of the operation.
- Instructions to follow Skin sagging at the bottom of the page, or nipples pointing downward.
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